The photoelectric effect is a result of electron-photon pair collisions.
A light bulb is more likely to burn out when first turned on since this is when the electrical resistance is the lowest. As the current flows it heats up the wire and the atoms begin to “jiggle”, which increases the electrical resistance.
Michael Faraday’s experiments in the 1830s provided an initial “peek” at the electrons inside the atom.
Despite the various subatomic particles comprising an atom, only its outermost electrons are involved in chemical reactions.
